Life Cycle Assessment of Surfactants: A Review

Nowadays, consumers are becoming more concerned about the environmental problems that are occurring around the world. Global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, emissions of greenhouse gases and increased exploitation of raw materials are examples of such problems. The environmental risks of surfactants have also been assessed regularly in the past decades by various industrial […]

Significance of the SN-2 Hypothesis

The body uses fats for long-term energy storage because they provide about six times as much energy as an equal weight of stored, hydrated glycogen (McMurray, 2000). Many different fats and oils exist as sources of triacylglycerols in the human diet. These oils originate from fruits (palm oil and olive oil) or from seeds (corn […]

The Environmental Impact of Palm Oil and Other Vegetable Oils

The corporate policy of food manufacturers is often to ensure that their products meet customers and consumer’s everyday needs for nutrition, hygiene and food safety. However, nowadays many of them are increasingly aware of their social responsibility in ensuring that their manufacturing activities can have serious impacts on the environment and are committed to minimize […]

Palm Oil Supply and Disappearance: A Review

The palm oil industry has been a significant driver of the Malaysian economy. Accentuated by high crude palm oil (CPO) price, growth in export earnings had strengthened to a new record high at RM 65.2 billion in 2008 from RM 45.1 billion in the previous year. But from the supply side, the national average fresh […]

Special Palm-Based Fat Spread for Bakery Frozen Dough

Frozen dough, as a new ingredient for the production of bread, has been developed along with other innovations in the baking industry. Due to its convenience, affordability and consistently high quality, frozen dough has rapidly become popular in the world since the 1950s. Nowadays, frozen dough occupies a substantial proportion of the food market, including […]

Palm-based Esterquats as an Active Ingredient in Fabric Softeners

The search for renewable resources, specific requirements by certain ethnic communities and growing concern for the environment have increased interest in using plant-based raw materials in household consumer products. The fabric softeners market, which belongs to the luxury product category, is expanding proportionally with the Gross National Products (GNP) and living standards with an annual […]