Cocoa butter is a traditional fat used in the production of chocolate. It is the preferred fat because of its desirable characteristics, which include glossiness and snap ability as well as sensory attributes (such as mouth feel and flavour release), that are imparted to the end product, chocolate (Ozan et al., 2008, Lipp et al., […]

“You are what you eat.” This phrase becomes more profound as obesity becomes increasingly recognised as one of the significant health problems that plague society (Nyberg et al., 2018). Obesity increases the risk of heart diseases, diabetes, stroke, asthma, cancer, as well as several other diseases (Guh et al., 2009, Lauby-Secretan et al., 2016). In […]

Inflammation is one of the immune response systems and plays an important role in damaged tissues and wounds which include other infections occurring at the site. Without the inflammation response, the wound would not able to heal. Inflammation occurs as a result of the body’s attempt in self-protection, in order to remove harmful stimuli and […]

Panned products are among popular treats nowadays due to their size, shape, quantity and value. It is a rapid and powerful method to coat numerous items with chocolate. Among popular item to coat are nuts such as almonds, cashews and peanuts as well as fruits such as raisins and cherries. Since panning may have been […]

The demand for bio-based surfactants is increasing and is influenced by the growing consumer awareness of the benefits of bio-based products. Biobased surfactants are surface-active biomolecules derived from renewable feedstocks, such as sugar and palm oil. One advantage of utilising renewable feedstocks in surfactant production is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (Foley et al., 2012). […]

A pilot plant is a down-scaled production system used to practically test and validate a production technology before commercialisation. Recently, the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) successfully commissioned an Animal Feed Pilot Plant (AFPP) located at MPOB Keratong Research Station, Pahang, which has a capacity of producing 100 kg feed pellets per hour or about […]